Awarded Projects

Particle acceleration in a short distance remains a high-priority research focus on fundamental physics and developing new technologies. Since introducing chirped pulse amplification, the research community has developed new methods of accelerating charged particles in a short distance.

Accelerating electrons and positrons to high energies over short distances is one of the most important open questions in physics.

The interaction of ultraintense laser pulses with the matter, in the form of solid foils, foams, or gas streaming from a nozzle or gas cell, leads to the generation of positively charged ions and electrons, and secondary X- or gamma-rays, positrons, fast neutrons or even more exotic particles.

Extreme-scale models have sparked a paradigm shift in natural language processing. Trained on broad plentiful data, they exhibit powerful emergent capabilities as they scale (e.g., zero-shot generalization), and their nearly universal effectiveness has led to a cornucopia of applications.

Peptaibols are short peptides of 8 to 20 residues that include non-proteinogenic amino acids. They are membrane-active compounds produced by fungi of the species Trichoderma with biotechnological, agricultural and clinical applications.

On average, the genomes of two humans vary by 3 million nucleotide variants.

In the optical spectroscopy of solids, the interaction between bound electron-hole pairs (excitons) and lattice vibrations (phonons) plays a fundamental role in the interpretation of many experimentally relevant quantities, like the shape of optical spectra and peak linewidths.

This project will support a wide range of research in cosmology, fostering technological advancements in data analysis and simulation techniques.

One critical yet largely unexplored aspect of fusion research is related to the impact of fusion-born alpha particles on plasma confinement – a pivotal concern given their role as primary heating mechanism in fusion reactors.